[英] 發音 Pronunciation

音標是音素的標寫符號。以下為三種最常見的音標：

	KK (美式)	DJ (英式)	IPA (國際)	一般規則
短母音a	[æ]	[æ]	[æ]	a
長母音a	[e]	[eɪ]	[eɪ]	ai, ay, a*e
短母音e	[ε]	[e]	[e]	e
長母音e	[i]	[i:]		ea, ee, e*e
短母音i	[ɪ]	[ɪ]	[ɪ]	i, e, 字尾為y及多音節：begin, enough, city
長母音i	[aɪ]	[aɪ]	[aɪ]	ie, igh, i*e, 字尾為y及單音節
短母音o	[a] / [ɔ]	[ɒ]	[ɔ]	o
長母音o	[o]	[əʊ]	[oʊ]	oa, ow, o*e
短母音u	[ʌ] /[ʊ]	[ʌ]	[ʌ]	u
長母音u	[ju] / [u]			ue, ui, u*e
短oo	[ʊ]	[ʊ]		ood, ook, foot
長oo	[u]	[u:]		oot, oof, ool, food
輕音節	[ə]	[ɪə]	[ə]	a, e, o, u：ago, lemon, circus, silent
輕音節	[ɚ]			ar, er, or, ur：beggar, actor, leader, ladder, color
ar	[ar]			star
單母音er	[ɚ]	[ə:] [ε:][eə]	[εr]	teacher, farmer, flower
單母音ir	[ɝ]	[ə:]		skirt, firm, bird
or	[ɔr]			corn
ur		[ʊə]
雙母音	[ɔɪ]	[ɔɪ]	[ɔɪ]	oi, oy：point, toy...
雙母音	[aʊ]	[ɔ:] [aʊ]		ou, ow：count, sound, mouth, clown, power...
ear	[εr]			bear
ear	[ɪr]			fear
	[ɔ]			au, al, aw：sauce, small, straw, bought, boss
	[iə]			ea：idea
	[jʊr]			ure：cure, sure, pure...

	KK (美式)	DJ (英式)	IPA (國際)	一般規則
有聲子音b	[b]	[b]	[b]	b
無聲子音c	[k]	[k]	[k]	ca, co, cu, ck, -c
有聲子音d	[d]	[d]	[d]	d
無聲子音f	[f]	[f]	[f]	f, ph
有聲子音g	[g]	[g]	[g]	ga, go, gu, -g
無聲子音h	[h]	[h]	[h]	h, who-
有聲子音j	[dʒ]	[dʒ]	[dʒ]	j, dr, dw, ge, gi, gy
無聲子音k	[k]	[k]	[k]	k
有聲子音l	[l]	[l]	[l]	l
有聲子音m	[m]	[m]	[m]	m
有聲子音n	[n]	[n]	[n]	n
無聲子音p	[p]	[p]	[p]	p
子音q	[kw]	[kw]	[kw]	qu
子音q	[k]	[k]	[k]	-que
有聲子音r	[r]	[r]	[r]	r
無聲子音s	[s]	[s]	[s]	s, ce, ci, cy
無聲子音t	[t]	[t]	[t]	t
有聲子音v	[v]	[v]	[v]	v
有聲子音w	[w]	[w]	[w]	w, wh
子音x	[ks]	[ks]	[ks]	x
有聲子音y	[j]	[j]	[j]	y在字首
有聲子音z	[z]	[z]	[z]	z
無聲ch	[tʃ]	[tʃ]	[tʃ]	ch
無聲sh	[ʃ]	[ʃ]	[ʃ]	sh
無聲th	[θ]	[θ]	[θ]	th在字首或字尾；author, enthuse...
有聲th	[ð]	[ð]	[ð]	th在字中；虛詞字首，如this, that...
有聲ng	[ŋ]	[ŋ]	[ŋ]	ng（g不發音）, nk, nc
有聲子音	[ʒ]	[ʒ]	[ʒ]	si, su：vision, pleasure

	特殊規則	例子
靜音b	-mb	bomb, climb, thumb...
靜音b	bt	debt, doubt, subtle...
靜音c	sc	muscle, scissors, scenario...
靜音c	ck/cq	acknowledge, acquit...
靜音d	-dge	bridge, fridge, knowledge...
靜音e	-e	cake, ride, hope...
靜音g	gn/gh	gnat, campaign, taught...
靜音h	wh-	what, when, where...
		hour, honest, honour...
	ch/gh/rh	choir, chorus, echo, ghoul, rhythm....
靜音k	kn-	know, knife, knock...
靜音l	al/ol/ul	walk, half, folk, could...
靜音n	-mn	Autumn, column, solemn...
靜音p	pn-/ps-/pt-	pneumatic, psychology, Pterodacty...
靜音s	sl	island, isle, aisle, islet...
靜音t	-tch	catch, watch, hatch...
	母音+stle	castle, nestle, bristle, jostle, hustle...
	ften/sten	listen, often, soften...
靜音u	bu/cu/gu/qu	build, biscuit, guitar, unique...
靜音w	wr-	write, wrap, wrinkle...
靜音w	who-/w+母音	who, answer, two...
gh	在字首發[g]	ghost...
	在字中不發音	fight, right, dounghnut...
	在字尾發[f]	enough(f), laugh(f), rough(f)...

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